@futurebird I am increasingly skeptical of ideas that fall under the umbrella of "ecological intensification", which is the idea that we can engineer ecological systems to maximize the ecosystem services that we want. I think in the end they are doomed to fail because they fundamentally model a holisic system as reductive (i.e., as a menu of services). But since the system isn't reductive, it will respond in non-linear and unanticipated ways.