@futurebird
Big sites use a CDN (content delivery network) such as Akamai or Cloudflare.
They have servers all over the world, and cache web pages for their clients. Wherever you are, you're close to such an endpoint and the download is really quick.
Good news is that you can use a CDN even for a small website. If you don't have a lot of traffic it may be completely free.
Drawback is of course that there's another layer between you and your reader, that sees the traffic.