Yes. The 2023 Nobel Prize in Economics was given to Claudia Goldin for her research into the gender pay gap. Here's a great breakdown of her research and findings. The tl;dw is that in every country men have an employment rate higher than women. The worldwide average is 80% for men and 50% for women. This is why women make less than men. There are a variety of reasons for that, but the biggest seems to be that women get pregnant and necessarily need to take time off work because of it. Goldin's suggestion was that women's employment rates could increase if workplaces allowed for more flexible schedules or work from home.